2025 HESI Evolve Fundamental Skills: Comprehensive Study Guide, Practice Questions, and Test-Taking Strategies

1. The nurse is caring for a client admitted with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD). Which laboratory test should the nurse monitor to evaluate the client for hypoxia?
A. Complete blood count (CBC)
B. Serum electrolyte levels
C. Arterial blood gas (ABG) ✅
D. Pulmonary function test (PFT)
Rationale: Arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis provides a direct measurement of oxygenation
(PaO2) and helps evaluate hypoxia in clients with COPD.
2. The nurse is caring for a client for whom segmental postural drainage treatments are
prescribed. The nurse should avoid scheduling the treatment at what time?
A. Before bedtime
B. After a meal ✅
C. Before ambulation
D. After deep breathing exercises
Rationale: Postural drainage involves positioning the client in ways that help drain secretions
from the lungs. Scheduling this treatment immediately after a meal may lead to nausea and
vomiting due to the postural changes.
3. A client with dementia who feels highly anxious and confused believes that the current day
is actually different than what it is. Which statement made by the nurse is an example of
validation therapy?
A. “No, today is actually Wednesday.”
B. “You seem confused; let’s look at the calendar together.”
C. “Yes, today is the day that you just mentioned.” ✅
D. “It doesn’t matter what day it is. Let’s focus on something else.”
Rationale: Validation therapy acknowledges and accepts the client’s perception of reality, which
can help reduce anxiety and confusion rather than arguing or correcting them.
4. The nurse providing care for a client with neutropenia reviews isolation procedures with
the client’s spouse. The teaching is effective when the spouse states that protective isolation
helps prevent the spread of infection in which direction?
A. From the client to others
B. To the client from outside sources ✅
C. Between hospital staff
D. Within the environment
Rationale: Clients with neutropenia have a weakened immune system and are at high risk for
infections. Protective isolation prevents exposure to infections from external sources.