Rasmussen Pathophysiology Final Exam 2025: Comprehensive Study Guide with Expert-Verified Questions & Answers

• Comprehensive Coverage: Includes all critical topics for the 2025 Rasmussen Pathophysiology exam.
• Expert-Verified Content: Questions and answers reviewed by experienced educators for accuracy.
• User-Friendly Format: Clear explanations and organized structure for easy studying.
• Exam-Focused Practice: Realistic questions to simulate the final exam experience.
• Updated for 2025: Aligned with the latest Rasmussen curriculum and exam guidelines.

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1. Which of the following are clinical manifestations of left-sided heart failure? (Select all that
apply)
A. Jugular Vein Distention
B. Cough with Frothy Sputum ✅
C. Crackles Auscultated in Lungs ✅
D. Dyspnea ✅
Rationale:
Left-sided heart failure results in pulmonary congestion, leading to symptoms such as cough
with frothy sputum, crackles auscultated in lungs, and dyspnea (shortness of breath). Jugular
vein distention (JVD) is more commonly associated with right-sided heart failure due to systemic
f
luid overload.
2. Which medications would be used to treat a patient with heart failure?
A. Antibiotics and Steroids
B. Vitamin D and Calcium
C. Calcium Channel Blockers and Zafron
D. ACE Inhibitors and Beta-Blockers ✅ (Correct Answer)
Rationale:
ACE inhibitors and beta-blockers are standard treatments for heart failure as they help reduce
blood pressure, decrease cardiac workload, and improve survival rates. Antibiotics and steroids
are not typically used for heart failure. Calcium channel blockers are used in some cardiovascular
conditions but not as first-line heart failure treatment.
3. Which of the following would be a sign of right-sided heart failure?
A. Increased Urination
B. Peripheral Edema ✅ (Correct Answer)
C. Pulmonary Edema D. Immunosuppression
Rationale:
Right-sided heart failure leads to systemic congestion, causing fluid buildup in the extremities,
resulting in peripheral edema. Pulmonary edema is a sign of left-sided heart
failure, not right-sided. Increased urination (polyuria) is not a primary sign, and
immunosuppression is not directly related to heart failure.
4. Which of the following is often the cause of pulmonary embolism?
A. An autoimmune disorder
B. A venous blood clot from the lower extremity ✅ (Correct Answer)
C. An increase in intracranial pressure
D. Hypotension
Rationale:
A pulmonary embolism (PE) is most often caused by a deep vein thrombosis (DVT) from the
lower extremities that travels to the lungs. Autoimmune disorders and increased intracranial
pressure are not common causes of PE. While hypotension can be a result of PE, it is not a cause.